Shuai Chiao (or Shuai Jiao), considered the oldest Chinese martial art, originated over 4,000 years ago, with its earliest documented use in a military engagement around 2697 BC between the Yellow Emperor and the rebel Chih Yiu, who used horned helmets, and a primitive form of grappling called "jiao di" or "horn butting". Over centuries, hands and arms replaced horns, and the techniques evolved into modern Shuai Jiao, a sophisticated grappling art